Divorce and the Believer Part 1
Are there absolutely no grounds for divorce in a Christian marriage? This has long been an issue in the Church and even now here in Okinawa there are many whose lives have been shattered by wrong teachings and misunderstandings concerning this issue.
“And He [Jesus] answered and said, ‘Have you not read, that He who created them from the beginning made them male and female and said, ‘For this cause a man shall leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh’? Consequently they are no longer two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together let no man separate” (Matt. 19:5-6).
By these words, “…let no man ["anthropos" - a human being] separate [come between them],” Jesus let those who had asked the question understand that no person had a right to desire the spouse of another and attempt to seduce him/her away from his/her spouse; which would line up with The Ten Commandments on two points “You shall not commit adultery,” and “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that belongs to your neighbor” (Ex. 20:14;17).
The above verses Matt. 19:5-6 in a little session that Jesus had with some Pharisees who were testing Him trying to entrap Him so that they would have some charge to bring against Him. One man teaches that because this whole episode took place in the area where Herod had power/jurisdiction that they were trying to try Jesus into the same fate of John the Baptist that He might be beheaded, but more on that erroneous thought later.
The 1st Century setting: The Jews had not been living under the Old Covenant Theocracy for over 400 years by the Time of Christ and they hadn’t up to this moment brought into the conversation, the divorce Law under Moses.
They had merely asked the question,” Is it lawful to divorce his wife for any cause at all?” After hearing Jesus’ history lesson regarding the intentions of God for creating Marriage in the first place, the Questioners appeared to believe they had Jesus in an uncomfortable position, as they then challenged Him with the Law under Moses:
“They said to Him,’Why then did Moses command to GIVE HER A CERTIFICATE OF DIVORCE AND SEND her AWAY?’
Matthew reports Jesus’ reply: “He [Jesus] said to them, ‘Because of your hardness of heart, Moses permitted you to divorce your wives; but from the beginning it has not been this way.’”
Jesus was providing them the target moral reason why a right to Divorce had been necessary (the divorce law instituted by Moses) and why this right had remained in effect within a morally fallen world.
By replying to the “test” question in such a manner, Jesus targeted the underlying moral failure of Mankind – both, male and female – to live within the “intentions” of God.
Within this initial reply to the “test” question, Jesus did not deny that Moses had instituted a divorce right or that a divorce right remained.
That Jesus intended to correct the false statement they had made (within the question asked) is clear by His replies.
Jesus, continued His reply by targeting the lie within their question, said:
“And I say to you, whoever divorces his wife, except for immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery…”
This reply exposed the deceit within their initial question regarding, their use of the words,
“…for any cause at all.” —
Here, once more, is the question Jesus was responding to:
“And some Pharisees came to Him, testing Him, and saying, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any cause at all?”
Jesus stated clearly in this reply to the “test” question, what they already knew to be true.
They knew divorce had NOT been lawful or moral for,”…any cause at all.”
They knew full well what Moses had said in Deut. 24:1-4; but we must also remember that the Jews of Jesus’ time were heavily influenced by the “Oral Law’ which Jesus referred to as “the traditions of men” and that in the ‘Oral Law’ or Talmud women were looked down up even despised. Perhaps this is why even Jesus’ own disciples questioned Jesus on His answer to the Pharisees in Matt. 19:10 they also had been heavily influenced by the traditions of men.
Jesus exposed their attempt at deceit, and noted that under Moses there had been a divorce right (and He did not deny that there would be a divorce “right” under the New Covenant).
He used His own authority to affirm it: “And I say to you …”
Jesus made a defining statement within the context of the question asked (that is how He always responded.)
One of the reasons it is sometimes difficult to understand some of Jesus’ responses (by the present-day reader) is because HE consistently went for the TARGET MORALITY.
When He stated that if an eye caused you to sin (Matthew 5:29) a person should remove the eye, He was not teaching self-mutilation…
Jesus often taught using strong comparisons – powerful imaging – in order to teach that essential morality. Achieving that essential morality Jesus was pointing to can only be accomplished in the New Covenant by learning to live life in the Spirit and not in the flesh.
Here, it is the lesson that sin (unrepented of) has terrible consequences ~ living in sin brings separation from God.
Let’s touch again on the issue of Target Morality by looking at the teaching of Christ in Matt. 5:27-28: “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery;’ but I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.”
That is a hard thing, how many of us can control our thought’s so well that no evil lustful thought ever comes up? I know I can’t in fact we all have thoughts but our advantage over the Old Covenant Jews is found in the INDWELLING SPIRIT OF GRACE. IN CHRIST THERE IS A WAY. We all have thoughts some good some bad but as believers we are told that; we should renew our minds, we are told that IF we have been raised up with Christ that we are to keep seeking the things above (seeking first the Kingdom of God and His righteousness) setting our minds on things above not on earthly things. For as Christians we have (past tense) died and our lives are hidden with Christ IN God! Also we learn from the writings of Paul that through the teaching of God’s word all thought strongholds against the knowledge of God that are in our minds or in our locality can be torn down and that our thoughts can be brought captive to the obedience of Christ (Rom. 12:1-2; Col. 3:1-3; Matt. 6:33; 2 Cor. 10:4-6. The context of 2 Cor. 10:1-6 is apostolic teaching or preaching not charismatic or Pentecostal spiritual warfare as is often practiced in today’s church world). Jesus never gives us something to do, a way to live, etc., etc. that He does not also give us the grace/His power to accomplish it!
So for us as New Covenant believers we must depend up His grace daily to live up to our full potential as believers. We must grasp the teachings of Paul in Rom. 5-8 and truly see ourselves as not only being dead to sin but made alive by the resurrection of Christ and raised up with Him to be Him as new creation beings. We don’t have to submit to fleshly lusts IFwe’re IN Christ, He not only made a way He is the Way!
Staying in Matthew 5 for a short while longer let’s move on to Matt. 5:32-33 where again Jesus raises the bar for life in the Kingdom. He sets our sights on something higher something that can only be accomplished by those who walk in Spirit and not in the flesh, those who walk by faith and not by sight. God has given us a way by the Indwelling Life of the Holy Spirit to live godly lives and have godly marriages.
In what we so often call the Beatitudes we see Jesus upon a mountain in the region of Galilee (Matt. 5:1) speaking to His disciples; some would say He was also speaking to the crowds or the multitude (Matt. 7:28-29). Later in Matt. 19:1-11 when Jesus was questioned by the Pharisees concerning the matter of divorce He was in the region of Judea in Herod’s jurisdiction. Because of this one man teaches that the Pharisees were trying to trick Jesus into the same fate as John the Baptist; to beheaded by Herod but that is not the case. He teaches that the word used in Matt. 19:9; “that the only reason one can divorce their spouse is for the reason of ‘incest’ and because this incident took place in Herod’s jurisdiction that is how the word “immorality” must be interpreted in that verse. So incest would be the only criteria for divorce from the way I understand his teaching. Yet, Matt. 5:27-32 is the ‘first mention’ of adultery and divorce by Jesus and should set the standard by which we interpret His later words in Matt. 19:1-11. Matt. 5-7 did not take place in Judea or in Herod’s jurisdiction rather in Galilee at the beginning of Jesus’ teaching ministry yet we see almost if not the identical wording in Matt. 5:32 that we see in Matt. 19:9.
Mat 5:32 ButG1161 IG1473 sayG3004 unto you,G5213 ThatG3754 whosoeverG3739 G302 shall put awayG630 hisG848 wife,G1135 saving forG3924 the causeG3056 of fornication,G4202 causethG4160 herG846 to commit adultery:G3429 andG2532 whosoeverG3739 G1437 shall marryG1060 her that is divorcedG630 committeth adultery.G3429
Mat 19:9 AndG1161 I sayG3004 unto you,G5213 WhosoeverG3739 G302 shall put awayG630 hisG848 wife,G1135 exceptG1508 it be forG1909 fornication,G4202 andG2532 shall marryG1060 another,G243 committeth adultery:G3429 andG2532 whoso marriethG1060 her which is put awayG630 doth commit adultery.G3429
So the issue in Matt. 19:9 has nothing at all to do with Herod’s incestuous relationship with Herodias his Brother Phillip’s wife but with Jesus’ answer to the Pharisee’s test question, which Jesus answered with the same wording He used back at the beginning of His teaching ministry in Galilee far away from any fear or influence from Herod. The word fornication in both instances covers a broad range of immoral acts in which both incest and adultery can both play a part:
πορνεία
porneia
por-ni’-ah
From G4203; harlotry (including adultery and incest); figuratively idolatry: – fornication
Jesus was not trying to single out incest as the only reason divorce would be allowed, He was covering a broad range of immoral acts that can come into a marriage situation IF one or even both partners allow the flesh to rule in their lives. We must remember that as believers Jesus is not just giving free reign for us to divorce for He has given us by His Spirit the ability to overcome the flesh and live godly lives well pleasing to the Father, but if one partner chooses not to live up to their potential IN Christ by engaging in immoral acts we can divorce that unfaithful partner, by the very words and teachings of Christ.
We must remember that the very God who in Mal 2:16 said “I hate divorce,”
[Mal 2:16 For the LORD, the God of Israel, saith that he hateth putting away: for one covereth violence with his garment, saith the LORD of hosts: therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously] also said in verses 15 and 16 how the people of Israel had dealt “treacherously” with their mates. The word treacherously as used in Mal. 2:10-11
H898
בּגד
bâgad
baw-gad’
A primitive root; to cover (with a garment); figuratively to act covertly; by implication to pillage: – deal deceitfully (treacherously, unfaithfully), offend, transgress (-or), (depart), treacherous (dealer, -ly, man), unfaithful (-ly, man), X very.
This same God who hates divorce as l put away the nation of Israel for her treachery/unfaithfulness to Him.
Hos 2:2 Plead with your mother, plead: for she is not my wife, neither am I her husband: let her therefore put away her whoredoms out of her sight, and her adulteries from between her breasts;
Jer 31:32 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD:
Jer 3:8 And I saw, when for all the causes whereby backsliding Israel committed adultery I had put her away, and given her a bill of divorce; yet her treacherous sister Judah feared not, but went and played the harlot also.
Isa 50:1 Thus saith the LORD, Where is the bill of your mother’s divorcement, whom I have put away? or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities have ye sold yourselves, and for your transgressions is your mother put away.
God’s covenant with Israel was always conditional on Israel was conditional: “IF you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, THEN you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine.” When Israel continued in her adulterous ways God eventually divorced her bringing and end to the Old Covenant Age and bringing forth a New Covenant IN Christ.
It is also interesting to note Israel’s fate as prophesied by Jesus to His disciples in Matt. 24; she was both torn down and her stones were burned by? Titus and the Roman Army in 70 AD. Lev. 21:9 gives a little insight on what was to happen to the daughter of a priest who profanes herself by harlotry; “She profanes her father, she shall be burned with fire.”
In the New Covenant immorality brings with it judgments, Paul told his readers in 1 Cor. 5:9-11 not to associate with anyone who calls himself a brother who is an fornicator or an immoral person, and Heb. 13:4 is speaking of those who defile the wedding bed “whoremongers and adulterors God will judge.” God does not judge the innoceint brother or sister who finds themselves in these kind of marital traps but by His spoken word Jesus gives them a way out.
This is my opinion and not thus saith the Lord but I firmly believe God set the precedent on divorce first by His putting away the Northern Kingdom, Israel, and then later her sister Judah both for exactly the same reason unfaithfulness to the covenant He had made with them. Now IN Christ married couples are equipped by the Spirit to live godly lives and have godly marriages but if per chance one or the other partner act treacherously toward the other Jesus gave us an exception clause to come out of a bad relationship; we can divorce an unfaithful spouse. I do believe that wherever possible restoration is much more preferable to divorce but out off seeing many of these situations unfold throughout the years I know divorce is many times the best way out. Divorce does not automatically mean that the one who chooses divorce is headed for destruction or that God can never use them I’ve seen far too many cases where God blessed what seemed a no-win situation and many times restored to them much more than they had lost. It was through God’s putting away Old Covenant Israel that the Message of the Kingdom went forth to the Gentile nations out of Israel’s fall as a nation our salvation came, and even now if they will receive The Promised Son they also can be restored.
Jerry R. Sorrow <
Ginowan City, Okinawa
098-892-1833 phone & fax
This is the first part I am working on part 2 for a later date.